哮喘联盟

   摘要
   气道高反应性（AHR）一直被认为是哮喘的一个核心特征。 四十年前AHR测定的发展为我们对哮喘和其他呼吸道疾病的认识了开启了许多重要贡献。然而，由于其背后的众多潜在机制和现实中患者个体的差异，我们对哮喘AHR的理解仍然复杂。因此本综述将讨论目前对于引起AHR的主要机制的理解，并突出AHR测定如何开始强调不同的异常状态及其相应的临床患者群体。我们这样做的目标是提供一个基础，未来的研究可以通过它将某种机制与特定的支气管收缩模式联系起来，随后将支气管收缩的模式与临床表型联系起来。我们认为，这种方法不仅在我们的掌握中，而且会提高对哮喘表型机制的理解，并有希望更好地指导表型靶向治疗的发展。这篇文章受到版权保护。
 

（苏欣 审校）
Clin Exp Allergy. 2015 Feb 4. doi: 10.1111/cea.12506. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Mechanisms of Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Asthma: The Past, Present and Yet to Come.

Chapman DG1, Irvin CG.

ABSTRACT
Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) has long been considered a cardinal feature of asthma. The development of the measurement of AHR forty years ago initiated many important contributions to our understanding of asthma and other airway diseases. However, our understanding of AHR in asthma remains complicated by the multitude of potential underlying mechanisms which in reality are likely to have different contributions amongst individual patients. Therefore the present review will discuss the current state of understanding of the major mechanisms proposed to contribute to AHR and highlight the way in which AHR testing is beginning to highlight distinct abnormalities associated with clinically relevant patient populations. In doing so we aim to provide a foundation by which future research can begin to ascribe certain mechanisms to specific patterns of bronchoconstriction and subsequently match phenotypes of bronchoconstriction with clinical phenotypes. We believe that this approach is not only within our grasp but will lead to improved mechanistic understanding of asthma phenotypes and hopefully better inform the development of phenotype-targeted therapy. This article is protected by copyright.
 

Clin Exp Allergy. 2015 Feb 4. doi: 10.1111/cea.12506. [Epub ahead of print]