成人饮食模式与支气管哮喘发生率的相关性的分析：系统回顾与荟萃分析
2025/01/26
摘要
背景与目的：本研究根据PRISMA和MOOSE指南，对已发表的前瞻性队列研究和随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，以评估健康饮食模式与成人起病哮喘之间的相关性。
方法：本研究的纳入标准为随机对照试验或队列研究，内容涉及饮食模式评估及其与成人哮喘发病率的相关性分析。本研究共搜索两个数据库，即Medline（PubMed）和ISI Web of Science，截止时间为2023年11月。由两名独立评审员共同评估纳入研究的质量。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）评估偏倚风险。
结果：系统回顾中共纳入10项队列研究，通过定量随机效应荟萃分析对其中7项进行评估，共纳入597909名受试者，其中10988人罹患哮喘。其中，饮食模式或指数最常通过已验证食物频率问卷进行定量评估，随访时间为5至16年。汇总所有纳入研究后发现，哮喘低风险与对高质量饮食模式的高依从性无关（相对风险[RR]：0.91，95%置信区间[CI]：0.81-1.02）。然而，本文发现研究之间存在显著的异质性（I2=81.8%，p<0.001），并确认了异质性的可能原因。
结论：不同研究之间评估哮喘发病率和饮食模式的方法存在差异，这可能是出现异质性的潜在原因。然而，目前已有证据并不支持坚持健康饮食模式与成人哮喘发病风险降低之间存在相关性。
Dietary patterns and asthma incidence in adult population. Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Errasti Viader J, Martínez González MÁ, Campo Ezquibela A, Bes-Rastrollo M.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the association between a healthy dietary pattern and adult-onset asthma following the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines.
METHODS:Inclusion criteria were RCT or cohort studies evaluating a dietary pattern and their association with asthma incidence in adults. We searched two databases, Medline (PubMed) and ISI Web of Science until November 2023. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
RESULTS:Ten cohort studies were included in the systematic review and seven of them were assessed in a quantitative random-effects meta-analysis. They included a total of 597,909 participants with 10,988 asthma events. Dietary patterns or indexes were most frequently measured with validated food frequency questionnaires. Follow-up ranged between 5 and 16 years. When we pooled all the included studies, no significant reduction in asthma risk was associated with higher adherence to a high-quality dietary pattern (relative risk [RR]: 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81 to 1.02). However, there was a substantial between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 81.8%, p < 0.001) and potential sources of heterogeneity were identified.
CONCLUSION: Differences between studies in measuring the incidence of asthma, as well as, in assessing dietary patterns are likely to be potential sources of heterogeneity. Nevertheless, with the currently available evidence a beneficial association between adherence to a healthy dietary pattern and lower risk of adult-onset asthma cannot be supported.
背景与目的：本研究根据PRISMA和MOOSE指南，对已发表的前瞻性队列研究和随机对照试验（RCT）进行系统回顾和荟萃分析，以评估健康饮食模式与成人起病哮喘之间的相关性。
方法：本研究的纳入标准为随机对照试验或队列研究，内容涉及饮食模式评估及其与成人哮喘发病率的相关性分析。本研究共搜索两个数据库，即Medline（PubMed）和ISI Web of Science，截止时间为2023年11月。由两名独立评审员共同评估纳入研究的质量。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）评估偏倚风险。
结果：系统回顾中共纳入10项队列研究，通过定量随机效应荟萃分析对其中7项进行评估，共纳入597909名受试者，其中10988人罹患哮喘。其中，饮食模式或指数最常通过已验证食物频率问卷进行定量评估，随访时间为5至16年。汇总所有纳入研究后发现，哮喘低风险与对高质量饮食模式的高依从性无关（相对风险[RR]：0.91，95%置信区间[CI]：0.81-1.02）。然而，本文发现研究之间存在显著的异质性（I2=81.8%，p<0.001），并确认了异质性的可能原因。
结论：不同研究之间评估哮喘发病率和饮食模式的方法存在差异，这可能是出现异质性的潜在原因。然而，目前已有证据并不支持坚持健康饮食模式与成人哮喘发病风险降低之间存在相关性。
(中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 张婧媛 摘译 林江涛 审校)
(Respir Med. 2024 Nov 19;236:107861. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107861.)
(Respir Med. 2024 Nov 19;236:107861. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2024.107861.)
Dietary patterns and asthma incidence in adult population. Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Errasti Viader J, Martínez González MÁ, Campo Ezquibela A, Bes-Rastrollo M.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES:We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) assessing the association between a healthy dietary pattern and adult-onset asthma following the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines.
METHODS:Inclusion criteria were RCT or cohort studies evaluating a dietary pattern and their association with asthma incidence in adults. We searched two databases, Medline (PubMed) and ISI Web of Science until November 2023. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of the included studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
RESULTS:Ten cohort studies were included in the systematic review and seven of them were assessed in a quantitative random-effects meta-analysis. They included a total of 597,909 participants with 10,988 asthma events. Dietary patterns or indexes were most frequently measured with validated food frequency questionnaires. Follow-up ranged between 5 and 16 years. When we pooled all the included studies, no significant reduction in asthma risk was associated with higher adherence to a high-quality dietary pattern (relative risk [RR]: 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81 to 1.02). However, there was a substantial between-study heterogeneity (I2 = 81.8%, p < 0.001) and potential sources of heterogeneity were identified.
CONCLUSION: Differences between studies in measuring the incidence of asthma, as well as, in assessing dietary patterns are likely to be potential sources of heterogeneity. Nevertheless, with the currently available evidence a beneficial association between adherence to a healthy dietary pattern and lower risk of adult-onset asthma cannot be supported.
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与病毒感染相关的1型免疫反应影响哮喘中的皮质类固醇反应
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25-(OH)-D、白细胞介素-4及干扰素-γ与肺炎支原体感染相关儿童支气管哮喘的相关性分析
