鼻炎及其共患疾病常常影响患者的生活质量，但目前关于鼻炎及其共患疾病对儿童生活质量的影响的报道较少。本文旨在挪威10岁儿童中描述鼻炎的共患疾病和及其表现型。对奥斯陆环境与儿童哮喘研究（Environment and Childhood Asthma Study，是一个出生队列研究）中的1019名儿童，临床检查鼻炎、哮喘、致敏、过敏反应和肺功能，并对其家长进行结构式面谈。现患鼻炎患者有254名（25.0%），87.4%的患者存在至少一种过敏相关性鼻炎共患疾病，最常见的是结膜炎（75.6%）。总体来说，11.8％的儿童存在结膜炎、哮喘和过敏性湿疹。与无鼻炎儿童（PD(20) ≤ 1 μmol乙酰甲胆碱）相比，鼻炎患者更容易出现严重支气管高反应性（BHR）（PD(20) ≤ 1 μmol乙酰甲胆碱）（分别为17.5%和5.8%，P< 0.001）。 鼻炎患者和致敏患者（72.8%）常出现BHR、严重BHR和结膜炎，但与无致敏的鼻炎儿童相比，共患疾病无显著差异。与花粉暴露后仅出现鼻炎症状的儿童（91.9%的儿童仅在春季和夏季出现症状）相比，花粉和毛茸宠物暴露均出现症状的儿童，常患哮喘、喘息和BHR。
结论：儿童鼻炎与结膜炎、哮喘、过敏性湿疹和BHR相关。结膜炎和BHR是与鼻炎最为相关的致敏疾病。
（苏楠 审校）
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Apr 27. [Epub ahead of print]
Rhinitis in children: Co-morbidities and phenotypes.
Bertelsen RJ, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH.
Department of Environmental Immunology, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
Rhinitis and its co-morbidities affect quality of life; and in children, little is known. We therefore aimed to describe the co-morbidities and phenotypes of current rhinitis in 10-yr-old Norwegian children. We used information on rhinitis, asthma, allergic sensitization, anaphylaxis, and lung function tests from clinical examinations and structured parental interviews of 1019 children included in the birth cohort study, the Environment and Childhood Asthma Study, in Oslo. Current rhinitis was reported in 254 (25.0%) of the children, and 87.4% had at least one allergy-related co-morbidity of rhinitis, with conjunctivitis the most prevalent (75.6%). Overall, 11.8% of the children had conjunctivitis combined with current asthma and atopic eczema. Children with rhinitis were also more likely to have severe bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) (PD(20)
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Apr 27. [Epub ahead of print]
结论：儿童鼻炎与结膜炎、哮喘、过敏性湿疹和BHR相关。结膜炎和BHR是与鼻炎最为相关的致敏疾病。
（苏楠 审校）
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Apr 27. [Epub ahead of print]
Rhinitis in children: Co-morbidities and phenotypes.
Bertelsen RJ, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Carlsen KH.
Department of Environmental Immunology, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
Rhinitis and its co-morbidities affect quality of life; and in children, little is known. We therefore aimed to describe the co-morbidities and phenotypes of current rhinitis in 10-yr-old Norwegian children. We used information on rhinitis, asthma, allergic sensitization, anaphylaxis, and lung function tests from clinical examinations and structured parental interviews of 1019 children included in the birth cohort study, the Environment and Childhood Asthma Study, in Oslo. Current rhinitis was reported in 254 (25.0%) of the children, and 87.4% had at least one allergy-related co-morbidity of rhinitis, with conjunctivitis the most prevalent (75.6%). Overall, 11.8% of the children had conjunctivitis combined with current asthma and atopic eczema. Children with rhinitis were also more likely to have severe bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) (PD(20)
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Apr 27. [Epub ahead of print]
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