IL-13在哮喘和过敏性疾病中的作用:哮喘表现型和靶向治疗
2012/11/19
摘要
数十年的动物研究显示,IL-13是一个关键的Th2细胞因子,与过敏性哮喘患者的气道炎症和重构相关重要特征有关。一些针对IL-13/IL-4/转录6通路信号转导子和活化子的治疗也正在开发中,包括抗IL-13单克隆抗体和IL-4受体拮抗剂。这些新的潜在哮喘治疗疗效取决于患者的反应性。然而,由于哮喘的异质性,阻碍了了解IL-13介导的治疗是怎样使哮喘获益的。近期对哮喘亚型的研究关注于痰液细胞炎症和对临床变量及分子与遗传标志的聚类分析。研究者和临床医生评价哮喘患者Th2气道炎症的生物标志物,如血清IgE水平、痰液嗜酸性粒细胞计数、呼出气一氧化氮分数和血液骨膜蛋白水平,以帮助临床试验和药物开发中决策制定和鉴别那些可能从治疗中获益的患者。虽然这些治疗不太可能使所有哮喘患者获益(因为哮喘存在异质性),了解哮喘表现型与临床指标和Th2细胞因子反应的关系,为改善哮喘治疗的疗效和安全性提供了机会。
(刘国梁 审校)
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print]
IL-13 in asthma and allergic disease: Asthma phenotypes and targeted therapies.
Ingram JL, Kraft M.
Source
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.
Abstract
Decades of research in animal models have provided abundant evidence to show that IL-13 is a key T(H)2 cytokine that directs many of the important features of airway inflammation and remodeling in patients with allergic asthma. Several promising focused therapies for asthma that target the IL-13/IL-4/signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 pathway are in development, including anti-IL-13 mAbs and IL-4 receptor antagonists. The efficacy of these new potential asthma therapies depends on the responsiveness of patients. However, an understanding of how IL-13-directed therapies might benefit asthmatic patients is confounded by the complex heterogeneity of the disease. Recent efforts to classify subphenotypes of asthma have focused on sputum cellular inflammation profiles, as well as cluster analyses of clinical variables and molecular and genetic signatures. Researchers and clinicians can now evaluate biomarkers of T(H)2-driven airway inflammation in asthmatic patients, such as serum IgE levels, sputum eosinophil counts, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide levels, and serum periostin levels, to aid decision making in clinical trials and drug development and to identify subsets of patients who might benefit from therapies. Although it is unlikely that these therapies will benefit all asthmatic patients with this heterogeneous disease, advances in understanding asthma subphenotypes in relation to clinical variables and T(H)2 cytokine responses offer the opportunity to improve the efficacy and safety of proposed therapies for asthma.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Aug 27. [Epub ahead of print]
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