家庭支持和工作是成功戒烟的预测因素:尼古丁替代治疗在中国吸烟者中的随机、双盲、安慰剂-对照试验
2009/07/10
背景:本试验主要在中国汉族人群中研究社会支持和人口统计学因素对尼古丁替代治疗成功戒烟的影响。
方法:将每天吸烟≥10支,烟龄超过1年的211名北京吸烟居民随机分配入本双盲、安慰剂对照戒烟试验,为期3个月,采用尼古丁替代治疗(NRT)戒烟。通过检测患者呼出气体的一氧化碳浓度和尿中可替宁浓度验证吸烟者自述的持续戒烟。采用Logistic回归分析社会人口统计学因素与戒断和吸烟下降之间的关系。
结果:NRT组和安慰剂组治疗结束的戒断率分别为52 % 和19%,NRT组和安慰剂组吸烟下降率(至少比基础状态下降50%)分别为43%和15%。对NRT治疗的总体反应率为95%,其中包括完全戒断和吸烟量下降至少50%。3个月的尼古丁替代治疗中,唯一与成功戒断相关的因素为已婚(校正OR为2.18;95%CI 1.10-4.33)。对于白领工作者,与戒断相关的因素为已婚和工作(2.24; 1.03-4.86)。
结论:上述结果表明,对于白领工作者(而非体力工作者),已婚和工作对吸烟的影响还需深入研究,以便能开发出更多的针对戒烟的干预措施。
(刘国梁 审校)
Sun HQ, et al. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2009;35(3):183-8. Links
Family support and employment as predictors of smoking cessation success: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of nicotine sublingual tablets in chinese smokers.
Sun HQ, Guo S, Chen DF, Jiang ZN, Liu Y, Di XL, Yang FD, Zhang XY, Kosten TR, Lu L.
National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to assess social support and demographic factors that influence the success of smoking cessation aided with sublingual nicotine tablets in a Han Chinese population.
METHODS: We randomly allocated 211 Beijing residents who smoked >or= 10 cigarettes a day for at least 1 year into a double-blind, placebo-controlled 3-month randomized smoking cessation trial using sublingual nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Self-reports of sustained smoking cessation were verified during the study by expired carbon monoxide concentrations and urine-cotinine concentrations. Logistic regression analysis used an intent to treat sample for sociodemographic associations with abstinence and reduction in smoking.
RESULTS: The abstinence rates at the end of treatment for NRT vs. placebo were 52 % vs .19%, and smoking reduction (reduced to at least 50% of baseline) rates for NRT vs. placebo were 43% vs .15% for a total response rate with NRT of 95% for either stopping completely or reducing smoking by 50%. The only factor strongly associated with successful smoking cessation after 3 months of sublingual NRT was being married (adjusted odds ratio 2.18; 95%confidence interval 1.10-4.33). Smoking association, on the other hand, was associated with being married and with employment as a white collar worker (2.24; 1.03 to 4.86).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest the need for a more in-depth examination of the impact of being married and employment as a white collar worker (rather than manual laborer) in order to develop better targeted interventions for improving smoking cessation interventions.
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